{"dataset":{"id":"61197","dataset_id":"on006861","name":"Targeted Neuromodulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Alleviates Altered Affective Response Evaluation in Lonely Individuals\n","description":"This dataset comprises EEG and behavioral recordings from a study examining the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on emotion processing and regulation in lonely individuals. 120 participants completed two sessions (sham and active stimulation) involving an emotion regulation task with static social and non-social images, rated on arousal and valence. The dataset includes raw EEG, behavioral ratings, and derived ERP data, along with questionnaires assessing side effects and blinding effectiveness.","owner_user_id":15,"status":"active","github_repo":"nemarDatasets/on006861","concept_doi":"10.82901/nemar.on006861","latest_version_doi":"10.82901/nemar.on006861.v1.0.0","created_at":"2026-06-29 14:31:52","updated_at":"2026-08-19 00:17:15","zenodo_concept_id":null,"is_sandbox":0,"visibility":"public","ezid_status":"public","enrichment_json":"{\n  \"version\": \"2.0\",\n  \"pipeline_stage\": \"validated\",\n  \"title\": \"Targeted Neuromodulation of the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Alleviates Altered Affective Response Evaluation in Lonely Individuals\\n\",\n  \"description\": \"This dataset comprises EEG and behavioral recordings from a study examining the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on emotion processing and regulation in lonely individuals. 120 participants completed two sessions (sham and active stimulation) involving an emotion regulation task with static social and non-social images, rated on arousal and valence. The dataset includes raw EEG, behavioral ratings, and derived ERP data, along with questionnaires assessing side effects and blinding effectiveness.\",\n  \"methods_description\": \"EEG was recorded using a 64-channel QuickCap (32 active electrodes) and a Neuroscan SynampsRT amplifier at 1000 Hz sampling rate, with impedance kept below 10 kΩ. tDCS was delivered via a Starstim 8 system (Neuroelectrics) targeting left or right dlPFC (anode F3/F4, returns at surrounding sites) at 2 mA for 20 minutes with ramp-up, or sham stimulation. Preprocessing was performed in MATLAB using EEGLAB and ERPLAB, including band-pass filtering (0.1–30 Hz), downsampling to 250 Hz, re-referencing to average mastoids, bad-channel detection, ICA-based artifact removal (ADJUST, SASICA), epoching (-200 to 5000 ms), baseline correction, and artifact rejection based on amplitude and FASTER metrics, followed by condition-wise ERP averaging.\",\n  \"license\": \"CC0\",\n  \"dataset_type\": \"raw\",\n  \"authors\": {\n    \"Szymon Mąka\": {},\n    \"Marta Chrustowicz\": {},\n    \"Łukasz Okruszek\": {}\n  },\n  \"keywords\": [\n    {\n      \"term\": \"EEG\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"transcranial direct current stimulation\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex\",\n      \"subject_scheme\": \"MeSH\",\n      \"value_uri\": \"http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000087643\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"Emotional Regulation\",\n      \"subject_scheme\": \"MeSH\",\n      \"scheme_uri\": \"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/\",\n      \"value_uri\": \"http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000080103\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"Loneliness\",\n      \"subject_scheme\": \"MeSH\",\n      \"value_uri\": \"http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D008132\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"event-related potentials\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"related_identifiers\": [\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"https://github.com/nemarDatasets/on006861\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"URL\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsDescribedBy\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"https://nemar.org/dataset/on006861\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"URL\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsDescribedBy\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"10.18112/openneuro.ds006861\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"DOI\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsVersionOf\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"10.18112/openneuro.ds006861.v1.0.2\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"DOI\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsDerivedFrom\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"funding_references\": [\n    {\n      \"funder_name\": \"National Science Centre, Poland\",\n      \"award_number\": \"2019/35/B/HS6/00517\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"resource_type_specific\": \"EEG Dataset\",\n  \"modalities\": [\n    \"eeg\"\n  ],\n  \"sizes\": [\n    \"57.5 GB (482 files)\"\n  ],\n  \"formats\": [\n    \".csv\",\n    \".erp\",\n    \".json\",\n    \".m\",\n    \".md\",\n    \".set\",\n    \".tsv\",\n    \".yml\"\n  ],\n  \"source_hash\": \"19ec7937c3e96991e39cb89f92960a630df923b29925de291201db5fb2e7de37\"\n}","last_activity_at":"2026-06-29 14:31:52","source":"openneuro","source_id":"ds006861","subject_count":120,"modalities":"eeg","age_min":18,"age_max":35,"file_size":57525133124,"total_files":1208,"tasks":"EmotionProcessingandRegulationtask","metadata_columns_error":null,"staleness_warn_stage":null,"staleness_admin_notified_at":null,"authors":"Szymon Mąka, Marta Chrustowicz, Łukasz Okruszek","license":"CC0","readme":"[![DOI](https://img.shields.io/badge/DOI-10.82901%2Fnemar.on006861-blue)](https://doi.org/10.82901/nemar.on006861)\n\n# Emotion Processing and Regulation Task (Static Stimuli) — tDCS‑EEG Dataset\n\nThis repository provides EEG recordings and behavioral data from the **Emotion Processing and Regulation** task conducted with **transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)**. \n\n* **Preregistration:** [https://osf.io/qdp3w](https://osf.io/qdp3w)\n* **Preprint:** [https://osf.io/qtm8r](https://osf.io/qtm8r)\n\n---\n\n## Overview\n\nEach participant took part in **two experimental sessions**:\n\n* **`ses-1`** — Sham stimulation\n* **`ses-2`** — Active stimulation\n\nThe order of sham/active conditions was counterbalanced across participants. \n\n---\n\n## Participants\n\n* **N = 120** right‑handed, neurologically healthy adults with normal or corrected‑to‑normal vision.\n* **Missing data:** Participant `sub-005` completed only `ses-1` due to a recording error during `ses-2`.\n---\n\n## Experimental Task\n\nParticipants completed 120 trials per session, evenly allocated to a 2 (content: social, non-social) × 3 (regulation requirement: watch-neutral, watch-negative, reappraise-negative) factorial design. On each trial, they viewed a static image for 5 s and either watched or reappraised it as instructed. After each image, participants rated its arousal and then valence on separate 9-point scales.\n\n---\n\n## tDCS Stimulation\n\n**System:** Starstim 8 (Neuroelectrics, Spain) with **NIC2** software.\n\n### Electrode Montage\n\nStimulation was targeted to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) in two alternative montages:\n\n* **Right dlPFC stimulation**\n\n  * *Anode:* **F4**\n  * *Returns:* **FP2, FZ, FC2, FC6**\n\n* **Left dlPFC stimulation**\n\n  * *Anode:* **F3**\n  * *Returns:* **FP1, FZ, FC1, FC5**\n\n**Electrode areas**\n\n* **Anodal:** 8 cm²\n* **Return:** π cm²\n* **Ground:** left earlobe\n\n### Stimulation Protocol\n\n* **Active:** 2 mA for 20 min (with 30 s ramp‑up)\n* **Sham:** only ramp‑up periods at start and end; no sustained current\n* **Questionnaires:** After each session, participants completed the **tDCS Sensation Questionnaire** (Polish version: [https://osf.io/ufszr](https://osf.io/ufszr)) to evaluate potential side effects. Additionally, after the final session, they indicated whether they believed each session involved *real*, *sham*, or *I don’t know* stimulation to assess **blinding effectiveness**.\n\n---\n\n## EEG Acquisition\n\n* **Cap:** 64‑channel QuickCap (32  EEG electrodes used)\n* **Amplifier:** Neuroscan SynampsRT\n* **Sampling rate:** 1000 Hz\n* **Impedance:** kept < 10 kΩ\n\n**Active EEG electrodes (32):**\nFP1, FP2, F7, F3, FZ, F4, F8, FT7, FC3, FCZ, FC4, FT8,\nT7, C3, CZ, C4, T8, M1, TP7, CP3, CPZ, CP4, TP8, M2,\nP7, P3, PZ, P4, P8, O1, OZ, O2\n\n**Additional sensors**\n\n* **EOG:** Horizontal (HEO) and Vertical (VEO) channels were available on the cap but **were not connected** during recording.\n* **Physio:** ECG and GSR/EDA were recorded via auxiliary channels.\n\n---\n\n## EEG Preprocessing\n\nAll preprocessing was performed in **MATLAB R2020b** using **EEGLAB 2023.0** and **ERPLAB 9.10**. The full, commented pipeline is provided in `code/Preprocessing_EEG.m`.\n\n### Steps\n\n1. **Band‑pass filter:** 0.1–30 Hz (zero‑phase Hamming‑windowed FIR)\n2. **Downsample** to **250 Hz**\n3. **Re‑reference** to average mastoids (M1, M2)\n4. **Bad‑channel detection** using *clean_rawdata* (autocorrelation criterion = 0.8)\n5. **ICA** with *runica*\n6. **Automatic IC rejection** using **ADJUST** and **SASICA**\n7. **Spherical interpolation** of removed channels\n8. **Epoching:** −200 to 5000 ms relative to stimulus onset\n9. **Baseline correction:** −200 ms pre‑stimulus\n10. **Artifact rejection:** Step 1 – absolute amplitude on channels 1–30, epochs rejected if amplitude exceeded ±200 µV within −200 to 5000 ms. Step 2 – FASTER epoch_properties on channels 1–30, epochs rejected if any metric exceeded |z| > 2.\n11. **Condition‑wise averaging** using ERPLAB\n\n---\n\n## Derivatives & Ancillary Data\n\n### `derivatives/processed_erps/`\n\nAveraged ERP files (`.erp`) for each participant and session after preprocessing.\n\n### `derivatives/side_effects_blinding_effectiveness/`\n\n* `side_effects_blinding_effectiveness_english.csv` — _blinding effectiveness and side effects questionnaire\n* `side_effects_blinding_effectiveness_data_dictionary.csv` — data dictionary with variable names and value coding\n\n### `code/`\n\n* MATLAB preprocessing script and documentation: `Preprocessing_EEG.m`\n\n---\n\n","bids_version":"1.8.0","sessions_count":2,"publish_date":null,"embedding_dirty":0,"license_tier":"public","zarr_status":"ready","zarr_converted_at":"2026-08-23 22:49:28","zarr_store_count":239,"zarr_index_etag":"bd7e8240d33e3a39eebe313a673ace2f","zarr_source_commit":"05baeb8eef0fc56f5e05ed0bb4ff046aefd1e112","archive_status":"ready","archive_size":49402790022,"archive_retry_count":0,"records_status":"ready","archive_skip_reason":null,"zarr_errors":0,"zarr_failure_count":0,"zarr_deterministic":0,"zarr_failed_at":null,"num_dataset_citations":0,"num_datapaper_citations":0,"n_channels":37,"electrode_system":"10-10","has_hed":0,"hed_version":"8.1.0","is_exemplar":0,"bytes_present":57519867543,"data_complete":1,"withdrawn_at":null,"withdrawn_reason":null,"archive_complete":null,"archive_absent_files":null,"archive_declared_files":null,"zarr_pool_breaks":0,"total_recording_duration":358473.68400000007,"recording_duration_min":1108.568,"recording_duration_max":2253.988,"recording_count":239,"recordings_unavailable":0,"recordings_measured":239,"channel_count_min":37,"channel_count_max":37,"sampling_frequency":1000,"power_line_frequency":50,"eeg_reference":"between CZ and CPZ","placement_scheme":null,"sweep_stamps":"{\"enrichment_updated_at\":\"2026-08-19 00:16:58\",\"metadata_updated_at\":\"2026-08-19 00:17:14\",\"archive_checked_at\":\"2026-06-29 15:15:09\",\"zarr_checked_at\":null,\"records_checked_at\":\"2026-06-29 14:42:33\",\"citations_updated_at\":null,\"channel_montage_checked_at\":null,\"hed_checked_at\":\"2026-06-30 05:38:38\",\"data_checked_at\":\"2026-08-30 03:00:28\",\"availability_report_at\":\"2026-07-23 01:30:23\",\"recording_stats_at\":\"2026-09-02 11:33:47\",\"signal_defaults_at\":\"2026-09-02 12:49:19\"}","participants":120,"num_citations":0,"latest_version":"v1.0.0","zarr_verify_status":null,"zarr_verified_at":null,"owner_username":"nemarAdmin","owner_github":"nemarAdmin","file_size_formatted":"53.57 GB","zarr_data_failures":null,"zarr_index_url":"https://zarr.nemar.org/on006861/zarr/index.json","attestation_deposit_type":null,"attestation_key_status":null,"attestation_deidentified":null,"attestation_no_duplicate":null,"attestation_upstream_source":null,"attestation_accepted_at":null}}