{"dataset":{"id":"177","dataset_id":"nm000144","name":"BNCI 2015-004 Mental tasks dataset","description":"This EEG dataset comprises recordings from 9 individuals with CNS tissue damage (stroke and spinal cord injury) performing five mental imagery tasks: word association, mental subtraction, spatial navigation, and motor imagery of the right hand and feet. Data were collected across two sessions using 30-channel EEG at 256 Hz with visual cue-guided paradigm. The dataset includes preprocessed signals with artifact rejection and is intended for brain-computer interface research and motor imagery classification studies.","owner_user_id":19,"status":"active","github_repo":"nemarDatasets/nm000144","concept_doi":"10.82901/nemar.nm000144","latest_version_doi":"10.82901/nemar.nm000144.v1.0.2","created_at":"2026-03-22 16:48:04","updated_at":"2026-08-18 18:13:02","zenodo_concept_id":"19632672","is_sandbox":0,"visibility":"public","ezid_status":"public","enrichment_json":"{\n  \"version\": \"2.0\",\n  \"pipeline_stage\": \"validated\",\n  \"title\": \"BNCI 2015-004 Mental tasks dataset\",\n  \"description\": \"This EEG dataset comprises recordings from 9 individuals with CNS tissue damage (stroke and spinal cord injury) performing five mental imagery tasks: word association, mental subtraction, spatial navigation, and motor imagery of the right hand and feet. Data were collected across two sessions using 30-channel EEG at 256 Hz with visual cue-guided paradigm. The dataset includes preprocessed signals with artifact rejection and is intended for brain-computer interface research and motor imagery classification studies.\",\n  \"methods_description\": \"EEG data were acquired using 30 active electrodes (g.LADYbird) in 10-20 montage at 256 Hz sampling rate with reference and ground at left and right mastoid. Online filtering included 0.5-100 Hz bandpass and 50 Hz notch filters. Preprocessing involved offline bandpass filtering (0.5-100 Hz), notch filtering at 50 Hz, and manual artifact rejection based on EOG recordings. Participants performed five mental tasks (word association, mental subtraction, spatial navigation, right hand motor imagery, feet motor imagery) for 7 seconds per trial following a 1-second visual cue, with 40 trials per session across 2 sessions.\",\n  \"license\": \"CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0\",\n  \"dataset_type\": \"derivative\",\n  \"authors\": {\n    \"Reinhold Scherer\": {},\n    \"Josef Faller\": {},\n    \"Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich\": {},\n    \"Eloy Opisso\": {},\n    \"Ursula Costa\": {},\n    \"Andrea Kübler\": {},\n    \"Gernot R. Müller-Putz\": {}\n  },\n  \"keywords\": [\n    {\n      \"term\": \"brain-computer interface\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"motor imagery\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"EEG\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"mental tasks\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"Stroke\",\n      \"subject_scheme\": \"MeSH\",\n      \"value_uri\": \"http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D020521\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"spinal cord injury\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"term\": \"imagery\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"related_identifiers\": [\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"10.1371/journal.pone.0123727\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"DOI\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsDerivedFrom\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"https://github.com/nemarDatasets/nm000144\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"URL\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsDescribedBy\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"10.1038/s41597-019-0104-8\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"DOI\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"References\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"identifier\": \"https://nemar.org/dataset/nm000144\",\n      \"identifier_type\": \"URL\",\n      \"relation_type\": \"IsDescribedBy\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"funding_references\": [\n    {\n      \"funder_name\": \"European Commission\",\n      \"award_number\": \"247447\",\n      \"award_title\": \"BrainAble\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"funder_name\": \"European Commission\",\n      \"award_number\": \"287774\",\n      \"award_title\": \"ABC\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"funder_name\": \"European Commission\",\n      \"award_number\": \"288566\",\n      \"award_title\": \"BackHome\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"resource_type_general\": \"Dataset\",\n  \"resource_type_specific\": \"EEG Dataset\",\n  \"modalities\": [\n    \"eeg\"\n  ],\n  \"sizes\": [\n    \"2.9 GB (30 files)\"\n  ],\n  \"formats\": [\n    \".bdf\",\n    \".html\",\n    \".json\",\n    \".mat\",\n    \".md\",\n    \".tsv\",\n    \".yaml\",\n    \".yml\"\n  ],\n  \"source_hash\": \"62c2772a49bb2eb78e3f23d54e034c2be8025fc5f336c211909d01ae349826c9\"\n}","last_activity_at":"2026-08-16 13:27:17","source":null,"source_id":null,"subject_count":9,"modalities":"eeg","age_min":38,"age_max":38,"file_size":2940737402,"total_files":220,"tasks":"imagery","metadata_columns_error":null,"staleness_warn_stage":null,"staleness_admin_notified_at":null,"authors":"Reinhold Scherer, Josef Faller, Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich, Eloy Opisso, Ursula Costa, Andrea Kübler, Gernot R. Müller-Putz","license":"CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0","readme":"[![DOI](https://img.shields.io/badge/DOI-10.82901%2Fnemar.nm000144-blue)](https://doi.org/10.82901/nemar.nm000144)\n\n# BNCI 2015-004 Mental tasks dataset\n\nBNCI 2015-004 Mental tasks dataset.\n\n## Dataset Overview\n\n- **Code**: BNCI2015-004\n- **Paradigm**: imagery\n- **DOI**: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123727\n- **Subjects**: 9\n- **Sessions per subject**: 2\n- **Events**: math=1, letter=2, rotation=3, count=4, baseline=5\n- **Trial interval**: [0, 4] s\n- **File format**: gdf\n- **Data preprocessed**: True\n\n## Acquisition\n\n- **Sampling rate**: 256.0 Hz\n- **Number of channels**: 30\n- **Channel types**: eeg=30\n- **Channel names**: AFz, F7, F3, Fz, F4, F8, FC3, FCz, FC4, T3, C3, Cz, C4, T4, CP3, CPz, CP4, P7, P5, P3, P1, Pz, P2, P4, P6, P8, PO3, PO4, O1, O2\n- **Montage**: 10-20\n- **Hardware**: g.tec\n- **Reference**: left and right mastoid\n- **Ground**: left and right mastoid\n- **Sensor type**: active electrode\n- **Line frequency**: 50.0 Hz\n- **Online filters**: 0.5-100 Hz bandpass, 50 Hz notch\n- **Cap manufacturer**: g.tec\n- **Electrode type**: g.LADYbird active electrodes\n- **Auxiliary channels**: EOG (2 ch, horizontal, vertical)\n\n## Participants\n\n- **Number of subjects**: 9\n- **Health status**: CNS tissue damage\n- **Clinical population**: stroke and spinal cord injury\n- **Age**: mean=38.0, std=10.0, min=20, max=57\n- **Gender distribution**: male=2, female=7\n- **Handedness**: not specified\n- **BCI experience**: naive\n- **Species**: human\n\n## Experimental Protocol\n\n- **Paradigm**: imagery\n- **Number of classes**: 5\n- **Class labels**: math, letter, rotation, count, baseline\n- **Trial duration**: 11.0 s\n- **Tasks**: word_association, mental_subtraction, spatial_navigation, right_hand_imagery, feet_imagery\n- **Study design**: Five mental tasks: word association (WORD), mental subtraction (SUB), spatial navigation (NAV), motor imagery of right hand (HAND), and motor imagery of both feet (FEET). Cue-guided paradigm with 7 seconds of continuous mental imagery per trial.\n- **Feedback type**: none\n- **Stimulus type**: visual cue\n- **Stimulus modalities**: visual\n- **Primary modality**: visual\n- **Synchronicity**: synchronous\n- **Mode**: screening\n- **Instructions**: Participants were asked to continuously perform the specified mental imagery task for 7 seconds. For MI: kinesthetic imagination of movement (e.g., squeezing a rubber ball for hand, dorsiflexion for feet). For WORD: generate words beginning with presented letter. For SUB: successive elementary subtractions. For NAV: spatial navigation.\n\n## HED Event Annotations\n\nSchema: HED 8.4.0 | Browse: https://www.hedtags.org/hed-schema-browser\n\n```\n  math\n    ├─ Sensory-event, Experimental-stimulus, Visual-presentation\n    └─ Agent-action\n       └─ Imagine\n          ├─ Think\n          └─ Label/math\n\n  letter\n    ├─ Sensory-event, Experimental-stimulus, Visual-presentation\n    └─ Agent-action\n       └─ Imagine\n          ├─ Think\n          └─ Label/letter\n\n  rotation\n    ├─ Sensory-event, Experimental-stimulus, Visual-presentation\n    └─ Agent-action\n       └─ Imagine\n          ├─ Think\n          └─ Label/rotation\n\n  count\n    ├─ Sensory-event, Experimental-stimulus, Visual-presentation\n    └─ Agent-action\n       └─ Imagine, Count\n\n  baseline\n    ├─ Sensory-event\n    ├─ Experimental-stimulus\n    ├─ Visual-presentation\n    └─ Rest\n\n```\n## Paradigm-Specific Parameters\n\n- **Detected paradigm**: motor_imagery\n- **Imagery tasks**: right_hand, feet, word_association, mental_subtraction, spatial_navigation\n- **Cue duration**: 1.0 s\n- **Imagery duration**: 7.0 s\n\n## Data Structure\n\n- **Trials**: 40\n- **Blocks per session**: 8\n- **Trials context**: per_class_per_day\n\n## Preprocessing\n\n- **Data state**: filtered\n- **Preprocessing applied**: True\n- **Steps**: bandpass filter, notch filter, artifact rejection\n- **Highpass filter**: 0.5 Hz\n- **Lowpass filter**: 100.0 Hz\n- **Bandpass filter**: {'low_cutoff_hz': 0.5, 'high_cutoff_hz': 100.0}\n- **Notch filter**: [50] Hz\n- **Artifact methods**: manual artifact rejection based on EOG\n- **Re-reference**: left and right mastoid\n\n## Signal Processing\n\n- **Classifiers**: LDA\n- **Feature extraction**: bandpower, temporal features\n- **Frequency bands**: mu=[8, 12] Hz; beta=[13, 30] Hz\n\n## Cross-Validation\n\n- **Method**: 10-fold cross-validation\n- **Folds**: 10\n- **Evaluation type**: within_session, cross_session\n\n## Performance (Original Study)\n\n- **Accuracy**: 77.0%\n- **Best Task Pair Gmac**: 77.0\n- **Sub Vs Feet Gmac**: 77.0\n- **Word Vs Hand Gmac**: 70.0\n- **Hand Vs Feet Gmac**: 64.0\n- **Between Day Word Vs Hand Gmac**: 82.0\n\n## BCI Application\n\n- **Applications**: communication, motor_function_restoration\n- **Environment**: rehabilitation center\n- **Online feedback**: False\n\n## Tags\n\n- **Pathology**: Stroke, Spinal Cord Injury, CNS Damage\n- **Modality**: Motor, Cognitive\n- **Type**: Motor, Cognitive\n\n## Documentation\n\n- **DOI**: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123727\n- **License**: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0\n- **Investigators**: Reinhold Scherer, Josef Faller, Elisabeth V. C. Friedrich, Eloy Opisso, Ursula Costa, Andrea Kübler, Gernot R. Müller-Putz\n- **Senior author**: Reinhold Scherer\n- **Contact**: reinhold.scherer@tugraz.at\n- **Institution**: Institut Guttmann\n- **Department**: Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB\n- **Address**: 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain\n- **Country**: Spain\n- **Repository**: BNCI Horizon 2020\n- **Data URL**: https://bnci-horizon-2020.eu/database/data-sets\n- **Publication year**: 2015\n- **Funding**: FP7 EU Research Projects BrainAble (No. 247447); ABC (No. 287774); BackHome (No. 288566)\n- **Ethics approval**: Comitè d'Ètica Assistencial de l'Institut Guttman\n- **Keywords**: brain-computer interface, motor imagery, mental tasks, EEG, CNS tissue damage, stroke, spinal cord injury, binary classification\n\n## References\n\nZhang, X., Yao, L., Zhang, Q., Kanhere, S., Sheng, M., & Liu, Y. (2017). A survey on deep learning based brain computer interface: Recent advances and new frontiers. IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems, 10(2), 145-163.\n\nNotes\n\n.. note::\n\n``BNCI2015_004`` was previously named ``BNCI2015004``. ``BNCI2015004`` will be removed in version 1.1.\n\n.. versionadded:: 0.4.0\nAppelhoff, S., Sanderson, M., Brooks, T., Vliet, M., Quentin, R., Holdgraf, C., Chaumon, M., Mikulan, E., Tavabi, K., Hochenberger, R., Welke, D., Brunner, C., Rockhill, A., Larson, E., Gramfort, A. and Jas, M. (2019). MNE-BIDS: Organizing electrophysiological data into the BIDS format and facilitating their analysis. Journal of Open Source Software 4: (1896). https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01896\n\nPernet, C. R., Appelhoff, S., Gorgolewski, K. J., Flandin, G., Phillips, C., Delorme, A., Oostenveld, R. (2019). EEG-BIDS, an extension to the brain imaging data structure for electroencephalography. Scientific Data, 6, 103. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0104-8\n\n---\nGenerated by MOABB 1.5.0 (Mother of All BCI Benchmarks)\nhttps://github.com/NeuroTechX/moabb\n","bids_version":"1.9.0","sessions_count":2,"publish_date":"2026-04-17 14:45:55","embedding_dirty":0,"license_tier":"noderiv","zarr_status":"ready","zarr_converted_at":"2026-09-04 12:49:18","zarr_store_count":18,"zarr_index_etag":"3afae5ab220b13df84b7d374a18ca06e","zarr_source_commit":"a3441effc72a78d2ad2bf42b4af3ebb2dbc8fafe","archive_status":"ready","archive_size":2806162853,"archive_retry_count":0,"records_status":"ready","archive_skip_reason":null,"zarr_errors":0,"zarr_failure_count":0,"zarr_deterministic":0,"zarr_failed_at":null,"num_dataset_citations":0,"num_datapaper_citations":74,"n_channels":30,"electrode_system":"10-10","has_hed":1,"hed_version":"8.4.0","is_exemplar":0,"bytes_present":2940421618,"data_complete":1,"withdrawn_at":null,"withdrawn_reason":null,"archive_complete":1,"archive_absent_files":0,"archive_declared_files":220,"zarr_pool_breaks":0,"total_recording_duration":49511,"recording_duration_min":2415,"recording_duration_max":2801,"recording_count":18,"recordings_unavailable":0,"recordings_measured":18,"channel_count_min":30,"channel_count_max":30,"sampling_frequency":256,"power_line_frequency":50,"eeg_reference":"left and right mastoid","placement_scheme":"10-20 system","sweep_stamps":"{\"enrichment_updated_at\":\"2026-08-18 18:10:46\",\"metadata_updated_at\":\"2026-08-18 18:13:01\",\"archive_checked_at\":\"2026-08-18 18:21:32\",\"zarr_checked_at\":\"2026-06-07 17:58:21\",\"records_checked_at\":\"2026-08-18 18:18:56\",\"citations_updated_at\":\"2026-09-08 03:00:47\",\"channel_montage_checked_at\":\"2026-06-28 22:52:22\",\"hed_checked_at\":\"2026-06-30 04:11:47\",\"data_checked_at\":null,\"availability_report_at\":\"2026-08-19 03:01:02\",\"signal_defaults_at\":\"2026-09-02 11:38:39\",\"recording_stats_at\":\"2026-09-05 03:00:40\",\"zarr_verify_attempted_at\":\"2026-09-07 03:02:33\",\"zarr_verified_at\":\"2026-09-07 03:02:33\",\"zarr_verified_commit\":\"a3441effc72a78d2ad2bf42b4af3ebb2dbc8fafe\",\"zarr_verify_status\":\"verified\",\"zarr_verify_examples\":[],\"zarr_verify_sampled\":18.0,\"zarr_verify_checked\":18.0,\"zarr_verify_checked_channels\":18.0,\"zarr_verify_checked_duration\":18.0,\"zarr_verify_checked_rate\":18.0,\"zarr_verify_unchecked\":0.0,\"zarr_verify_mismatch_count\":0.0,\"zarr_verify_examples_truncated\":0.0}","participants":9,"num_citations":74,"latest_version":"v1.0.2","zarr_verify_status":"verified","zarr_verified_at":"2026-09-07 03:02:33","owner_username":"bruaristimunha","owner_github":"bruAristimunha","file_size_formatted":"2.74 GB","zarr_data_failures":null,"zarr_index_url":"https://zarr.nemar.org/nm000144/zarr/index.json","attestation_deposit_type":null,"attestation_key_status":null,"attestation_deidentified":null,"attestation_no_duplicate":null,"attestation_upstream_source":null,"attestation_accepted_at":null}}